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Crafting SQL Databases(DDL)
Normalization and Denormalization Strategies
Learning Outcome
5
Decide when denormalization is needed
4
Detect data redundancy and anomalies
3
Identify functional dependencies
2
Explain 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, and BCNF
1
Understand why Normalization is required
Recall
Tables need Primary Keys to uniquely identify records
Foreign Keys connect related tables
Composite Keys handle many-to-many relationships
Indexes improve read performance
Instagram stored post data like this:
But the problem is
- Username repeats again and again
- Comments are stored together
- Updating username requires multiple changes
-
Risk of inconsistency and errors
Even with Primary & Foreign Keys, data can still be:
- Redundant
- Difficult to update
- Error-prone
Databases need rules to:
- Organize data properly
- Reduce duplication
- Avoid anomalies
These rules are called Normalization
Normalization
- Normalization is the process of removing duplicate data from a table.
- Normalization divides a large table into smaller tables and links them using relationships.
Core Concepts (Slide 7)
Core Concepts (.....Slide N-3)
Summary
5
Build strong branding
4
Use different marketing channels
3
Target the right audience
2
Create and communicate value
1
Understand customer needs
Choose cool, soft colors instead of vibrant colors
Max 5 Points for Summary & Min 2
Quiz
Which platform is mainly used for professional networking and B2B marketing ?
A. Facebook
B. Instagram
C. LinkedIn
D. Snapchat
Quiz-Answer
Which platform is mainly used for professional networking and B2B marketing ?
A. Facebook
B. Instagram
C. LinkedIn
D. Snapchat
Normalization and Denormalization Strategies
By Content ITV
